The Impact of Universal Basic Education Policies on Literacy Rates in Gombe South Local Government Area, Gombe State

The Impact of Universal Basic Education Policies on Literacy Rates in Gombe South Local Government Area, Gombe State

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Chapter One: Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

The Universal Basic Education (UBE) policy, introduced by the Nigerian government in 1999, aims to provide free, compulsory, and universal education for children aged 6 to 15 years. This policy seeks to improve literacy rates, reduce illiteracy, and promote education for all, especially in underserved regions. In Gombe South Local Government Area (LGA) of Gombe State, the UBE policy has played a significant role in expanding access to primary education and improving literacy rates among children.

Despite the objectives of the UBE program, challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, teacher shortages, and cultural barriers to education continue to affect the policy’s implementation. This study aims to assess the impact of the UBE policy on literacy rates in Gombe South, focusing on the effectiveness of the program in improving educational outcomes.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Although the UBE policy was designed to increase literacy and educational access, there is a lack of detailed studies on its impact in Gombe South. While enrollment rates have improved, literacy rates in some areas remain lower than expected, and many children do not complete the full course of basic education. This study will investigate the effectiveness of the UBE policy in raising literacy rates and the barriers that still prevent full implementation.

1.3 Objectives of the Study

1. To assess the impact of the UBE policy on literacy rates in Gombe South.

2. To evaluate the effectiveness of the UBE policy in improving access to education in Gombe South.

3. To identify the challenges hindering the success of the UBE policy in Gombe South.

1.4 Research Questions

1. How has the UBE policy impacted literacy rates in Gombe South?

2. To what extent has the UBE policy improved access to primary education in Gombe South?

3. What challenges have limited the success of the UBE policy in Gombe South?

1.5 Research Hypotheses

1. The UBE policy has positively impacted literacy rates in Gombe South.

2. The UBE policy has improved access to primary education in Gombe South.

3. Challenges such as infrastructure deficits and insufficient resources have hindered the success of the UBE policy in Gombe South.

1.6 Significance of the Study

This study will contribute to the understanding of how the UBE policy has impacted literacy rates in Gombe South. The findings will be valuable to educational policymakers and local government officials in designing strategies to improve the effectiveness of the UBE program and address challenges in the education sector.

1.7 Scope and Limitations of the Study

This study will focus on the implementation of the UBE policy in Gombe South Local Government Area, Gombe State, and its effects on literacy rates. Limitations include challenges in gathering accurate data on literacy rates and the complex factors that influence educational outcomes.

1.8 Operational Definition of Terms

• Universal Basic Education (UBE): A policy aimed at providing free, compulsory education for children aged 6 to 15 years.

• Literacy Rates: The percentage of people who can read and write in a particular language.

• Primary Education: The first stage of formal education, typically covering grades 1 through 6 in Nigeria.

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